But these tests are less accurate if you have just come down with the disease. Because of this, your provider will also look at your symptoms and travel history. See your healthcare provider right away if you think you have been exposed to typhoid fever. Most otherwise healthy adults get better on their own, but some people who are not treated may have a fever for weeks or months.
Antibiotics are often used to treat typhoid fever. But your healthcare provider will figure out the best treatment for you based on:. It is important to remember that the danger of typhoid fever does not end when symptoms go away. You could still be carrying the bacteria. The illness could also return. Or you could pass the disease to other people.
You should:. Once your symptoms are gone, you may still have the typhoid bacteria in your body. Follow up with your healthcare provider to make sure the bacteria are completely gone. You will also need to practice good hygiene. Wash your hands before and after you use the bathroom. You should also not make food for anyone else until the bacteria are gone. Typhoid fever is very common in developing countries. A vaccine is available.
The best time to get it is 2 weeks before traveling. Without treatment, typhoid fever may last a month or more and become very serious, even life-threatening. In most cases, the symptoms start to go away in the third and fourth weeks, as long as the disease doesn't cause any other health problems.
Sometimes, after the illness seems gone it can come back. After recovering from typhoid fever, some people become carriers of the bacteria. This means that they'll have no symptoms, but do have the bacteria in their bodies and can pass it on to others. Typhoid in the U. But if you plan to travel to a foreign country especially South-central and Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America, or the Caribbean , it's a good idea to talk to your doctor about prevention and treatment of typhoid fever.
People usually get typhoid fever by drinking beverages or eating food that has been handled by someone who has typhoid fever or is a carrier of the illness.
Those infected also can pass the disease to others directly for example, by touching them with unwashed hands. People also get the illness by drinking water that is contaminated by sewage. The doctor will evaluate the symptoms and ask you about your child's medical history and recent travels. The doctor probably will take a sample of stool poop , urine pee , or blood to test it for the disease. Typhoid fever is treated with antibiotics that kill the bacteria.
It's important to take the medicine for the whole time that the doctor prescribes, even if your child feels better. If you stop it too soon, some bacteria could remain. Typhoid fever is highly contagious. An infected person can pass the bacteria out of their body in their poo or, less commonly, in their pee.
If someone else eats food or drinks water that's been contaminated with a small amount of infected poo or pee, they can become infected with the bacteria and develop typhoid fever.
Read more about the causes of typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is most common in parts of the world that have poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. Worldwide, children are thought to be most at risk of developing typhoid fever.
This may be because their immune system the body's natural defence against infection and illness is still developing. Typhoid fever is uncommon in the UK, with around infections confirmed each year.
Most of these people became infected while visiting relatives in Bangladesh, India or Pakistan. But you're also at risk if you visit Asia, Africa or South America. Typhoid is caused by the bacteria S. Washing fruit and vegetables can spread it, if contaminated water is used.
Some people are asymptomatic carriers of typhoid, meaning that they harbor the bacteria but suffer no ill effects. Others continue to harbor the bacteria after their symptoms have gone. Sometimes, the disease can appear again. People who test positive as carriers may not be allowed to work with children or older people until medical tests show that they are clear.
Countries with less access to clean water and washing facilities typically have a higher number of typhoid cases. Vaccines are not percent effective and caution should still be exercised when eating and drinking. Vaccination should not be started if the individual is currently ill or if they are under 6 years of age. Anyone with HIV should not take the live, oral dose. The vaccine may have adverse effects. One in people will experience a fever. After the oral vaccine, there may be gastrointestinal problems, nausea, and headache.
However, severe side effects are rare with either vaccine. There are two types of typhoid vaccine available, but a more powerful vaccine is still needed.
The live, oral version of the vaccine is the strongest of the two. After 3 years, it still protects individuals from infection 73 percent of the time. However, this vaccine has more side effects.
The current vaccines are not always effective, and because typhoid is so prevalent in poorer countries, more research needs to be done to find better ways of preventing its spread.
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