When you document an email message , use a reference to yourself as author if it is an email you received, or indicate by name in the Title element if it is an email sent. Boyle, Anthony T. E-mail to the author. Zamora, Estelle. E-mail to Penny Kinkaid. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older.
This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.
If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Title of Source Search this Guide Search. MLA Citations 9th ed. Title Basics The title is usually prominently displayed in the work, often near the author. Title Capitalization and Punctuation For titles and subtitles, capitalize the first word, the last word, and all principal words , including those that follow hyphens in compound terms.
Book Title A book is a whole unto itself. Here is an example:. Collection of Essays, Stories, or Poems Title A collection of essays, stories, or poems by various authors is also a whole unto itself. Essay, Story, or Poem Title An essay, story, or poem in a collection is part of a larger whole. Periodical Titles A periodical is a journal, magazine, or newspaper. Different Media Forms Title of a television series? Episode of a television series? Quotation marks.
A web site? A posting or an article at a web site? If you cite multiple Shakespeare plays throughout your MLA paper, the in-text citation begins with an abbreviated version of the title as shown here , e.
Each play should have its own Works Cited entry even if they all come from the same collection. Shakespeare 1. No, do not use page numbers in your MLA in-text citations of Shakespeare plays. Instead, specify the act, scene, and line numbers of the quoted material, separated by periods, e. Shakespeare 3. This makes it easier for the reader to find the relevant passage in any edition of the text. When an article e. In an MLA style Works Cited entry for a newspaper , you can cite a local newspaper in the same way as you would a national one, except that you may have to add the name of the city in square brackets to clarify what newspaper you mean, e.
The Gazette [Montreal]. Dallas Observer. If you focus on a particular contributor e. If your citation of the podcast focuses more on the contribution of someone else e. MLA recommends citing the original source wherever possible, rather than the source in which it is quoted or reproduced.
For example: qtd. If a source is reproduced in full within another source e. When you want to cite a PowerPoint or lecture notes from a lecture you viewed in person in MLA , check whether they can also be accessed online ; if so, this is the best version to cite, as it allows the reader to access the source. If the material is not available online, use the details of where and when the presentation took place.
In an MLA song citation , you need to give some sort of container to indicate how you accessed the song. If this is a physical or downloaded album, the Works Cited entry should list the album name, distributor, year, and format. However, if you listened to the song on a streaming service, you can just list the site as a container, including a URL. In this case, including the album details is optional; you may add this information if it is relevant to your discussion or if it will help the reader access the song.
When citing a song in MLA style , the author is usually the main artist or group that released the song. However, if your discussion focuses on the contributions of a specific performer, e. When a source has no title , this part of your MLA reference is replaced with a description of the source, in plain text no italics or quotation marks, sentence-case capitalization.
In MLA Style , you should cite a specific chapter or work within a book in two situations:. If you cite multiple chapters or works from the same book, include a separate Works Cited entry for each chapter. Use a shortened version of the title in your in-text citation. If a source has no page numbers, you can use an alternative locator e.
If there are three or more authors, name only the first author, followed by et al. You must include an in-text citation every time you quote or paraphrase from a source e. It is mainly used by students and researchers in humanities fields such as literature, languages, and philosophy.
If information about your source is not available, you can either leave it out of the MLA citation or replace it with something else, depending on the type of information. MLA style uses title case, which means that all principal words nouns, pronouns , verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and some conjunctions are capitalized.
This applies to titles of sources as well as the title of, and subheadings in, your paper. Use MLA capitalization style even when the original source title uses different capitalization. In MLA style , book titles appear in italics, with all major words capitalized. If there is a subtitle, separate it from the main title with a colon and a space even if no colon appears in the source.
The format is the same in the Works Cited list and in the text itself. The title of a part of a book—such as a chapter, or a short story or poem in a collection—is not italicized, but instead placed in quotation marks. This quick guide to MLA style explains the latest guidelines for citing sources and formatting papers according to MLA. Search by book title, page URL or journal DOI to automatically generate flawless citations, or cite manually using the simple citation forms.
Other standard fonts such as Arial or Georgia are also acceptable. If in doubt, check with your supervisor which font you should be using. To create a correctly formatted block quote in Microsoft Word, follow these steps:. Do not put quotation marks around the quote, and make sure to include an MLA in-text citation after the period at the end.
To format a block quote in MLA:. If you are quoting poetry , use block quote formatting for any quote longer than three lines. If you are discussing multiple poems by the same author, make sure to also mention the title of the poem shortened if necessary. The title goes in quotation marks. The rest of the citation depends on where the poem was published. If you read the poem in a book or anthology, follow the format of an MLA book chapter citation. If you accessed the poem online, follow the format of an MLA website citation.
Only use line numbers in an MLA in-text citation if the lines are numbered in the original source. Alphabetize works with no known author by their title; use a shortened version of the title in the parenthetical citations in your paper. New to MLA 9th edition, there are now steps to take for citing works by an author or authors using a pseudonym, stage-name, or different name.
If the person you wish to cite is well-known, cite the better-known form of the name of the author. Heller, Steven, ed. The Education of an E-Designer.
Baudrillard, Jean. Simulacra and Simulations. Burke, Kenneth.
0コメント