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Close overlay Button to close overlay. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Herpes simplex virus HSV types 1 and 2 can be diagnosed based on the appearance of lesions if present , as well as with laboratory tests. In general, if you do not have symptoms, there is no need for you to have any diagnostic testing for HSV type 1—the type that causes cold sores. However, if you may have been exposed to HSV type 2—a sexually transmitted disease STD that causes genital sores—you may need to be tested even if you do not have lesions.
It is important that you see a healthcare provider, especially if you've never had an outbreak before. Once you've had herpes, you can learn to recognize recurrences of the lesions. But if your recurrences are more severe or if the lesions look different than usual, then you should seek an evaluation. Herpes outbreaks usually appear as one or more blisters in clusters. The blisters may break open to become sores.
However, either virus can infect either location. If you or your child experience pain or tingling around or inside the mouth or on the tongue, you can feel and look for bumps and blisters around the painful area, which may indicate HSV If you have pain in or around the genital area, or if you have pain with urination or sexual activity, look for redness, swelling, sores, or blisters in or around the affected area, which may indicate HSV Regardless, you should check for lesions if you think you could have been exposed to the infection.
Know, though, that genital herpes infections are often asymptomatic. If you do not have obvious symptoms, a blood test can help determine whether you have an infection. The gold standard for herpes diagnosis is a viral culture test or nucleic acid amplification test NAT of a sample of skin, crust, or fluid from a lesion. This is usually obtained with a gentle swab of the area.
A viral culture is a test that allows the virus to grow in a laboratory setting. The NAT tests for the genetic material of the virus in the sample. These tests should only come back positive if you have the virus present in the lesion.
In general, the results of the test are reliable if you have active lesions. It is possible to screen for asymptomatic herpes infections using a blood test. Herpes blood tests can detect antibodies to the herpes virus. You form these proteins when you need to fight an infection.
Generally, it takes about two weeks for your body to produce enough antibodies against herpes to be detectable. The presence of antibodies is evidence that your body has confronted an infection, either recently or in the past. The antibodies can last for years or even a lifetime, which is why using this test to identify reinfection is not helpful. There are two kinds of blood tests for herpes:. There are several different brands of blood tests that are used to detect viral proteins, and there are pros and cons for each.
Herpes tests are done to find out if you have been exposed to the herpes simplex virus HSV. An HSV infection can cause small, painful sores that look like blisters on the skin or the tissue lining mucous membranes of the throat, nose, mouth, urethra , rectum, and vagina.
A herpes infection may cause only a single outbreak of sores. But in many cases the person will have more outbreaks. That's because a positive result only means you have been exposed to the virus. The test can't tell if you will get sores or if any sores you have are caused by the herpes virus. The test also can't tell if you can infect another person. In rare cases, HSV can infect other parts of the body, such as the eyes and the brain. Tests for HSV are most often done only for sores in the genital area.
The test may also be done using other types of samples, such as spinal fluid, blood, urine, or tears. To see whether sores are caused by HSV, different types of tests may be done. Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health.
If you may have genital herpes , do not have sexual contact until your test results are back. You can lower the chance of spreading the disease to your partner s. For a viral culture or PCR test , a clean cotton swab is rubbed against a herpes sore to collect fluid and cells to examine. Samples may be collected from the vagina, cervix, penis, urethra, eye, throat, or skin.
Doctors usually collect a sample from small sores that are only a few days old. Viruses are more likely to be found in small, newly formed sores.
A health professional uses a needle to take a blood sample, usually from an arm. Rapid tests are available at some clinics. These tests check blood from a finger stick for antibodies to HSV The results are generally ready in about 10 minutes.
Types of tests When do symptoms appear? Dormancy Prevention Takeaways HSV , also known as the herpes simplex virus, is the series of viruses that cause oral and genital herpes. Herpes incubation periods. How soon can you be tested? Type of tests used to diagnose herpes. How long does it take for symptoms of herpes to appear?
Can you have herpes and not know? How to prevent the spread of herpes. Key takeaways. Read this next. Herpes Simplex. Can You Get Herpes from Kissing? And 14 Other Things to Know.
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